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File: inspekt.php
<?php
/*************************
  Coppermine Photo Gallery
  ************************
  Copyright (c) 2003-2011 Coppermine Dev Team
  v1.0 originally written by Gregory Demar

  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 3
  as published by the Free Software Foundation.

  ********************************************
  Coppermine version: 1.5.12
  $HeadURL: https://coppermine.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/coppermine/trunk/cpg1.5.x/include/inspekt.php $
  $Revision: 8154 $


**********************************************/

/**
 * Inspekt - main source file
 *
 *
 *
 * @author Chris Shiflett <chris@shiflett.org>
 * @author Ed Finkler <coj@funkatron.com>
 *
 * @package Inspekt
 */


/**
 * Inspekt_Error
 */
require_once('include/inspekt/error.php');

/**
 * Inspekt_Cage
 */
require_once('include/inspekt/cage.php');

/**
 * Inspekt_Supercage
 */
require_once('include/inspekt/supercage.php');


/**
 * Options for isHostname() that specify which types of hostnames
 * to allow.
 *
 * HOST_ALLOW_DNS:   Allows Internet domain names (e.g.,
 *                   example.com).
 */
define ('ISPK_HOST_ALLOW_DNS',   1);

/**
 * Options for isHostname() that specify which types of hostnames
 * to allow.
 *
 * HOST_ALLOW_IP:    Allows IP addresses.
 */
define ('ISPK_HOST_ALLOW_IP',    2);

/**
 * Options for isHostname() that specify which types of hostnames
 * to allow.
 *
 * HOST_ALLOW_LOCAL: Allows local network names (e.g., localhost,
 *                   www.localdomain) and Internet domain names.
 */
define ('ISPK_HOST_ALLOW_LOCAL', 4);

/**
 * Options for isHostname() that specify which types of hostnames
 * to allow.
 *
 * HOST_ALLOW_ALL:   Allows all of the above types of hostnames.
 */
define ('ISPK_HOST_ALLOW_ALL',   7);

/**
 * Options for isUri that specify which types of URIs to allow.
 *
 * URI_ALLOW_COMMON: Allow only "common" hostnames: http, https, ftp
 */
define ('ISPK_URI_ALLOW_COMMON', 1);

/**
 * regex used to define what we're calling a valid domain name
 *
 */
define ('ISPK_DNS_VALID', '/^(?:[^\W_]((?:[^\W_]|-){0,61}[^\W_])?\.)+[a-zA-Z]{2,6}\.?$/');

/**
 * regex used to define what we're calling a valid email
 *
 * we're taking a "match 99%" approach here, rather than a strict
 * interpretation of the RFC.
 *
 * @see http://www.regular-expressions.info/email.html
 */
define ('ISPK_EMAIL_VALID', '/^[a-zA-Z0-9._%+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9.-]+\.[a-zA-Z]{2,6}$/');

/**
 * @package    Inspekt
 */
class Inspekt
{

    /**
     * Returns the $_SERVER data wrapped in an Inspekt_Cage object
     *
     * This utilizes a singleton pattern to get around scoping issues
     *
     * @param boolean $strict whether or not to nullify the superglobal array
     * @return Inspekt_Cage
     */
    function makeServerCage($strict=TRUE) {
        /**
         * @staticvar $_instance
         */
        static $_instance;

        if (!isset($_instance)) {
            $_instance = Inspekt_Cage::Factory($_SERVER, $strict);
        }
        $GLOBALS['HTTP_SERVER_VARS'] = NULL;
        return $_instance;
    }


    /**
     * Returns the $_GET data wrapped in an Inspekt_Cage object
     *
     * This utilizes a singleton pattern to get around scoping issues
     *
     * @param boolean $strict whether or not to nullify the superglobal array
     * @return Inspekt_Cage
     * @static
     */
    function makeGetCage($strict=TRUE) {
        /**
         * @staticvar $_instance
         */
        static $_instance;

        if (!isset($_instance)) {
            $_instance = Inspekt_Cage::Factory($_GET, $strict);
        }
        $GLOBALS['HTTP_GET_VARS'] = NULL;
        return $_instance;
    }


    /**
     * Returns the $_POST data wrapped in an Inspekt_Cage object
     *
     * This utilizes a singleton pattern to get around scoping issues
     *
     * @param boolean $strict whether or not to nullify the superglobal array
     * @return Inspekt_Cage
     * @static
     */
    function makePostCage($strict=TRUE) {
        /**
         * @staticvar $_instance
         */
        static $_instance;

        if (!isset($_instance)) {
            $_instance = Inspekt_Cage::Factory($_POST, $strict);
        }
        $GLOBALS['HTTP_POST_VARS'] = NULL;
        return $_instance;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the $_COOKIE data wrapped in an Inspekt_Cage object
     *
     * This utilizes a singleton pattern to get around scoping issues
     *
     * @param boolean $strict whether or not to nullify the superglobal array
     * @return Inspekt_Cage
     * @static
     */
    function makeCookieCage($strict=TRUE) {
        /**
         * @staticvar $_instance
         */
        static $_instance;

        if (!isset($_instance)) {
            $_instance = Inspekt_Cage::Factory($_COOKIE, $strict);
        }
        $GLOBALS['HTTP_COOKIE_VARS'] = NULL;
        return $_instance;
    }


    /**
     * Returns the $_ENV data wrapped in an Inspekt_Cage object
     *
     * This utilizes a singleton pattern to get around scoping issues
     *
     * @param boolean $strict whether or not to nullify the superglobal array
     * @return Inspekt_Cage
     * @static
     */
    function makeEnvCage($strict=TRUE) {
        /**
         * @staticvar $_instance
         */
        static $_instance;

        if (!isset($_instance)) {
            $_instance = Inspekt_Cage::Factory($_ENV, $strict);
        }
        $GLOBALS['HTTP_ENV_VARS'] = NULL;
        return $_instance;
    }


    /**
     * Returns the $_FILES data wrapped in an Inspekt_Cage object
     *
     * This utilizes a singleton pattern to get around scoping issues
     *
     * @param boolean $strict whether or not to nullify the superglobal array
     * @return Inspekt_Cage
     * @static
     */
    function makeFilesCage($strict=TRUE) {
        /**
         * @staticvar $_instance
         */
        static $_instance;

        if (!isset($_instance)) {
            $_instance = Inspekt_Cage::Factory($_FILES, $strict);
        }
        $GLOBALS['HTTP_POST_FILES'] = NULL;
        return $_instance;
    }


    /**
     * Returns the $_SESSION data wrapped in an Inspekt_Cage object
     *
     * This utilizes a singleton pattern to get around scoping issues
     *
     * @param boolean $strict whether or not to nullify the superglobal array
     * @return Inspekt_Cage
     * @static
     */
    function makeSessionCage($strict=TRUE) {
        /**
         * @staticvar $_instance
         */
        static $_instance;

        if (!isset($_instance)) {
            $_instance = Inspekt_Cage::Factory($_SESSION, $strict);
        }
        $GLOBALS['HTTP_SESSION_VARS'] = NULL;
        return $_instance;
    }


    /**
     * Returns a Supercage object, which wraps ALL input superglobals
     *
     * @param boolean $strict whether or not to nullify the superglobal
     * @return Inspekt_Supercage
     * @static
     */
    function makeSuperCage($strict=TRUE) {
        /**
         * @staticvar $_instance
         */
        static $_scinstance;

        if (!isset($_scinstance)) {
            $_scinstance = Inspekt_Supercage::Factory($strict);
        }
        return $_scinstance;

    }


    /**
     * Recursively walks an array and applies a given filter method to
     * every value in the array.
     *
     * This should be considered a "protected" method, and not be called
     * outside of the class
     *
     * @param array $input
     * @param string $inspektor  The name of a static filtering method, like get* or no*
     * @return array
     *
     */
    function _walkArray($input, $method) {

        if (!is_array($input)) {
            Inspekt_Error::raiseError('$input must be an array', E_USER_ERROR);
            return FALSE;
        }

        if ( !is_callable( array('Inspekt', $method) ) ) {
            Inspekt_Error::raiseError('$inspektor '.$method.' is invalid', E_USER_ERROR);
            return FALSE;
        }

        foreach($input as $key=>$val) {
            if (is_array($val)) {
                $input[$key]=Inspekt::_walkArray($val, $method);
            } else {
                $val = Inspekt::$method($val);
                $input[$key]=$val;
            }
        }
        return $input;
    }







    /**
     * Returns only the alphabetic characters in value.
     *
     * @param mixed $value
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @tag filter
     * @static
     */
    function getAlpha($value)
    {
        if (is_array($value)) {
            return Inspekt::_walkArray($value, 'getAlpha');
        } else {
            return preg_replace('/[^[:alpha:]]/', '', $value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns only the alphabetic characters and digits in value.
     *
     * @param mixed $value
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @tag filter
     * @static
     */
    function getAlnum($value)
    {
        if (is_array($value)) {
            return Inspekt::_walkArray($value, 'getAlnum');
        } else {
            return preg_replace('/[^[:alnum:]]/', '', $value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns only the digits in value. This differs from getInt().
     *
     * @param mixed $value
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @tag filter
     * @static
     */
    function getDigits($value)
    {
        if (is_array($value)) {
            return Inspekt::_walkArray($value, 'getDigits');
        } else {
            return preg_replace('/[^\d]/', '', $value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns dirname(value).
     *
     * @param mixed $value
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @tag filter
     * @static
     */
    function getDir($value)
    {
        if (is_array($value)) {
            return Inspekt::_walkArray($value, 'getDir');
        } else {
            return dirname($value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns (int) value.
     *
     * @param mixed $value
     * @return int
     *
     * @tag filter
     */
    function getInt($value)
    {
        if (is_array($value)) {
            return Inspekt::_walkArray($value, 'getInt');
        } else {
            return (int) $value;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns realpath(value).
     *
     * @param mixed $value
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @tag filter
     */
    function getPath($value)
    {
        if (is_array($value)) {
            return Inspekt::_walkArray($value, 'getPath');
        } else {
            return realpath($value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns an array if value matches $pattern, FALSE otherwise. Uses
     * preg_match() for the matching.
     *
     * @param mixed $value
     * @param mixed $pattern
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @tag validator
     * @static
     */
    function getMatched($value, $pattern = NULL)
    {
        preg_match($pattern, $value, $matched);

        if (count($matched)) {
            return $matched;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns TRUE if every character is alphabetic or a digit,
     * FALSE otherwise.
     *
     * @param mixed $value
     * @return boolean
     *
     * @tag validator
     */
    function isAlnum($value)
    {
        return ctype_alnum($value);
    }

    /**
     * Returns TRUE if every character is alphabetic, FALSE
     * otherwise.
     *
     * @param mixed $value
     * @return boolean
     *
     * @tag validator
     */
    function isAlpha($value)
    {
        return ctype_alpha($value);
    }

    /**
     * Returns TRUE if value is greater than or equal to $min and less
     * than or equal to $max, FALSE otherwise. If $inc is set to
     * FALSE, then the value must be strictly greater than $min and
     * strictly less than $max.
     *
     * @param mixed $key
     * @param mixed $min
     * @param mixed $max
     * @param boolean $inclusive
     * @return boolean
     *
     * @tag validator
     */
    function isBetween($value, $min, $max, $inc = TRUE)
    {
        if ($value > $min &&
        $value < $max) {
            return TRUE;
        }

        if ($inc &&
        $value >= $min &&
        $value <= $max) {
            return TRUE;
        }

        return FALSE;
    }

    /**
     * Returns TRUE if it is a valid credit card number format. The
     * optional second argument allows developers to indicate the
     * type.
     *
     * @param mixed $value
     * @param mixed $type
     * @return boolean
     *
     * @tag validator
     */
    function isCcnum($value, $type = NULL)
    {
        /**
         * @todo Type-specific checks
         */

        $value = self::getDigits($value);
        $length = strlen($value);

        if ($length < 13 || $length > 19) {
            return FALSE;
        }

        $sum = 0;
        $weight = 2;

        for ($i = $length - 2; $i >= 0; $i--) {
            $digit = $weight * $value[$i];
            $sum += floor($digit / 10) + $digit % 10;
            $weight = $weight % 2 + 1;
        }

        $mod = (10 - $sum % 10) % 10;

        return ($mod == $value[$length - 1]);
    }

    /**
     * Returns TRUE if value is a valid date, FALSE otherwise. The
     * date is required to be in ISO 8601 format.
     *
     * @param mixed $value
     * @return boolean
     *
     * @tag validator
     */
    function isDate($value)
    {
        list($year, $month, $day) = sscanf($value, '%d-%d-%d');

        return checkdate($month, $day, $year);
    }

    /**
     * Returns TRUE if every character is a digit, FALSE otherwise.
     * This is just like isInt(), except there is no upper limit.
     *
     * @param mixed $value
     * @return boolean
     *
     * @tag validator
     */
    function isDigits($value)
    {
        return ctype_digit((string) $value);
    }

    /**
     * Returns TRUE if value is a valid email format, FALSE otherwise.
     *
     * @param string $value
     * @return boolean
     * @see http://www.regular-expressions.info/email.html
     * @see ISPK_EMAIL_VALID
     *
     * @tag validator
     */
    function isEmail($value)
    {
        return (bool) preg_match(ISPK_EMAIL_VALID, $value);
    }

    /**
     * Returns TRUE if value is a valid float value, FALSE otherwise.
     *
     * @param string $value
     * @return boolean
     *
     * @tag validator
     */
    function isFloat($value)
    {
        $locale = localeconv();

        $value = str_replace($locale['decimal_point'], '.', $value);
        $value = str_replace($locale['thousands_sep'], '', $value);

        return (strval(floatval($value)) == $value);
    }

    /**
     * Returns TRUE if value is greater than $min, FALSE otherwise.
     *
     * @param mixed $value
     * @param mixed $min
     * @return boolean
     *
     * @tag validator
     * @static
     */
    function isGreaterThan($value, $min)
    {
        return ($value > $min);
    }

    /**
     * Returns TRUE if value is a valid hexadecimal format, FALSE
     * otherwise.
     *
     * @param mixed $value
     * @return boolean
     *
     * @tag validator
     * @static
     */
    function isHex($value)
    {
        return ctype_xdigit($value);
    }

    /**
     * Returns TRUE if value is a valid hostname, FALSE otherwise.
     * Depending upon the value of $allow, Internet domain names, IP
     * addresses, and/or local network names are considered valid.
     * The default is HOST_ALLOW_ALL, which considers all of the
     * above to be valid.
     *
     * @param mixed $value
     * @param integer $allow bitfield for ISPK_HOST_ALLOW_DNS, ISPK_HOST_ALLOW_IP, ISPK_HOST_ALLOW_LOCAL
     * @return boolean
     *
     * @tag validator
     * @static
     */
    function isHostname($value, $allow = ISPK_HOST_ALLOW_ALL)
    {
        if (!is_numeric($allow) || !is_int($allow)) {
            Inspekt_Error::raiseError('Illegal value for $allow; expected an integer', E_USER_WARNING);
        }

        if ($allow < ISPK_HOST_ALLOW_DNS || ISPK_HOST_ALLOW_ALL < $allow) {
            Inspekt_Error::raiseError('Illegal value for $allow; expected integer between ' . ISPK_HOST_ALLOW_DNS . ' and ' . ISPK_HOST_ALLOW_ALL, E_USER_WARNING);
        }

        // determine whether the input is formed as an IP address
        $status = self::isIp($value);

        // if the input looks like an IP address
        if ($status) {
            // if IP addresses are not allowed, then fail validation
            if (($allow & ISPK_HOST_ALLOW_IP) == 0) {
                return FALSE;
            }

            // IP passed validation
            return TRUE;
        }

        // check input against domain name schema
        $status = @preg_match('/^(?:[^\W_]((?:[^\W_]|-){0,61}[^\W_])?\.)+[a-zA-Z]{2,6}\.?$/', $value);
        if ($status === false) {
            Inspekt_Error::raiseError('Internal error: DNS validation failed', E_USER_WARNING);
        }

        // if the input passes as an Internet domain name, and domain names are allowed, then the hostname
        // passes validation
        if ($status == 1 && ($allow & ISPK_HOST_ALLOW_DNS) != 0) {
            return TRUE;
        }

        // if local network names are not allowed, then fail validation
        if (($allow & ISPK_HOST_ALLOW_LOCAL) == 0) {
            return FALSE;
        }

        // check input against local network name schema; last chance to pass validation
        $status = @preg_match('/^(?:[^\W_](?:[^\W_]|-){0,61}[^\W_]\.)*(?:[^\W_](?:[^\W_]|-){0,61}[^\W_])\.?$/',
        $value);
        if ($status === FALSE) {
            Inspekt_Error::raiseError('Internal error: local network name validation failed', E_USER_WARNING);
        }

        if ($status == 0) {
            return FALSE;
        } else {
            return TRUE;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns TRUE if value is a valid integer value, FALSE otherwise.
     *
     * @param mixed $value
     * @return boolean
     *
     * @tag validator
     * @static
     */
    function isInt($value)
    {
        $locale = localeconv();

        $value = str_replace($locale['decimal_point'], '.', $value);
        $value = str_replace($locale['thousands_sep'], '', $value);

        return (strval(intval($value)) == $value);
    }

    /**
     * Returns TRUE if value is a valid IP format, FALSE otherwise.
     *
     * @param mixed $value
     * @return boolean
     *
     * @tag validator
     * @static
     */
    function isIp($value)
    {
        return (bool) ip2long($value);
    }

    /**
     * Returns TRUE if value is less than $max, FALSE otherwise.
     *
     * @param mixed $value
     * @param mixed $max
     * @return boolean
     *
     * @tag validator
     * @static
     */
    function isLessThan($value, $max)
    {
        return ($value < $max);
    }

    /**
     * Returns TRUE if value is one of $allowed, FALSE otherwise.
     *
     * @param mixed $value
     * @return boolean
     *
     * @tag validator
     * @static
     */
    function isOneOf($value, $allowed = NULL)
    {
        /**
         * @todo: Consider allowing a string for $allowed, where each
         * character in the string is an allowed character in the
         * value.
         */

        return in_array($value, $allowed);
    }

    /**
     * Returns TRUE if value is a valid phone number format, FALSE
     * otherwise. The optional second argument indicates the country.
     * This method requires that the value consist of only digits.
     *
     * @param mixed $value
     * @return boolean
     *
     * @tag validator
     * @static
     */
    function isPhone($value, $country = 'US')
    {
        if (!ctype_digit($value)) {
            return FALSE;
        }

        switch ($country)
        {
            case 'US':
                if (strlen($value) != 10) {
                    return FALSE;
                }

                $areaCode = substr($value, 0, 3);

                $areaCodes = array(201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208,
                209, 210, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217,
                218, 219, 224, 225, 226, 228, 229, 231,
                234, 239, 240, 242, 246, 248, 250, 251,
                252, 253, 254, 256, 260, 262, 264, 267,
                268, 269, 270, 276, 281, 284, 289, 301,
                302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308, 309,
                310, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318,
                319, 320, 321, 323, 325, 330, 334, 336,
                337, 339, 340, 345, 347, 351, 352, 360,
                361, 386, 401, 402, 403, 404, 405, 406,
                407, 408, 409, 410, 412, 413, 414, 415,
                416, 417, 418, 419, 423, 424, 425, 430,
                432, 434, 435, 438, 440, 441, 443, 445,
                450, 469, 470, 473, 475, 478, 479, 480,
                484, 501, 502, 503, 504, 505, 506, 507,
                508, 509, 510, 512, 513, 514, 515, 516,
                517, 518, 519, 520, 530, 540, 541, 555,
                559, 561, 562, 563, 564, 567, 570, 571,
                573, 574, 580, 585, 586, 600, 601, 602,
                603, 604, 605, 606, 607, 608, 609, 610,
                612, 613, 614, 615, 616, 617, 618, 619,
                620, 623, 626, 630, 631, 636, 641, 646,
                647, 649, 650, 651, 660, 661, 662, 664,
                670, 671, 678, 682, 684, 700, 701, 702,
                703, 704, 705, 706, 707, 708, 709, 710,
                712, 713, 714, 715, 716, 717, 718, 719,
                720, 724, 727, 731, 732, 734, 740, 754,
                757, 758, 760, 763, 765, 767, 769, 770,
                772, 773, 774, 775, 778, 780, 781, 784,
                785, 786, 787, 800, 801, 802, 803, 804,
                805, 806, 807, 808, 809, 810, 812, 813,
                814, 815, 816, 817, 818, 819, 822, 828,
                829, 830, 831, 832, 833, 835, 843, 844,
                845, 847, 848, 850, 855, 856, 857, 858,
                859, 860, 863, 864, 865, 866, 867, 868,
                869, 870, 876, 877, 878, 888, 900, 901,
                902, 903, 904, 905, 906, 907, 908, 909,
                910, 912, 913, 914, 915, 916, 917, 918,
                919, 920, 925, 928, 931, 936, 937, 939,
                940, 941, 947, 949, 951, 952, 954, 956,
                959, 970, 971, 972, 973, 978, 979, 980,
                985, 989);

                return in_array($areaCode, $areaCodes);
                break;
            default:
                Inspekt_Error::raiseError('isPhone() does not yet support this country.', E_USER_WARNING);
                return FALSE;
                break;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns TRUE if value matches $pattern, FALSE otherwise. Uses
     * preg_match() for the matching.
     *
     * @param mixed $value
     * @param mixed $pattern
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @tag validator
     * @static
     */
    function isRegex($value, $pattern = NULL)
    {
        return (bool) preg_match($pattern, $value);
    }


    /**
     * Enter description here...
     *
     * @param string $value
     * @param integer $mode
     * @return boolean
     *
     * @link http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2396.txt
     *
     * @tag validator
     * @static
     */
    function isUri($value, $mode=ISPK_URI_ALLOW_COMMON)
    {
        /**
         * @todo
         */
        $regex = '';
        switch ($mode) {

            // a common absolute URI: ftp, http or https
            case ISPK_URI_ALLOW_COMMON:

                $regex .= '&';
                $regex .= '^(ftp|http|https):';                 // protocol
                $regex .= '(//)';                               // authority-start
                $regex .= '([-a-z0-9/~;:@=+$,.!*()\']+@)?';     // userinfo
                $regex .= '(';
                    $regex .= '((?:[^\W_]((?:[^\W_]|-){0,61}[^\W_])?\.)+[a-zA-Z]{2,6}\.?)';     // domain name
                $regex .= '|';
                    $regex .= '([0-9]{1,3}(\.[0-9]{1,3})?(\.[0-9]{1,3})?(\.[0-9]{1,3})?)';  // OR ipv4
                $regex .= ')';
                $regex .= '(:([0-9]*))?';                       // port
                $regex .= '(/((%[0-9a-f]{2}|[-a-z0-9/~;:@=+$,.!*()\'\&]*)*)/?)?';   // path
                $regex .= '(\?[^#]*)?';                         // query
                $regex .= '(#([-a-z0-9_]*))?';                  // anchor (fragment)
                $regex .= '$&i';

                break;

            case ISPK_URI_ALLOW_ABSOLUTE:

                Inspekt_Error::raiseError('isUri() for ISPK_URI_ALLOW_ABSOLUTE has not been implemented.', E_USER_WARNING);
                return FALSE;

//              $regex .= '&';
//              $regex .= '^(ftp|http|https):';                 // protocol
//              $regex .= '(//)';                               // authority-start
//              $regex .= '([-a-z0-9/~;:@=+$,.!*()\']+@)?';     // userinfo
//              $regex .= '(';
//                  $regex .= '((?:[^\W_]((?:[^\W_]|-){0,61}[^\W_])?\.)+[a-zA-Z]{2,6}\.?)';     // domain name
//              $regex .= '|';
//                  $regex .= '([0-9]{1,3}(\.[0-9]{1,3})?(\.[0-9]{1,3})?(\.[0-9]{1,3})?)';  // OR ipv4
//              $regex .= ')';
//              $regex .= '(:([0-9]*))?';                       // port
//              $regex .= '(/((%[0-9a-f]{2}|[-a-z0-9/~;:@=+$,.!*()\'\&]*)*)/?)?';   // path
//              $regex .= '(\?[^#]*)?';                         // query
//              $regex .= '(#([-a-z0-9_]*))?';                  // anchor (fragment)
//              $regex .= '$&i';

                break;

        }
        $result = preg_match($regex, $value, $subpatterns);
        return $result;
    }

    /**
     * Returns TRUE if value is a valid US ZIP, FALSE otherwise.
     *
     * @param mixed $value
     * @return boolean
     *
     * @tag validator
     * @static
     */
    function isZip($value)
    {
        return (bool) preg_match('/(^\d{5}$)|(^\d{5}-\d{4}$)/', $value);
    }

    /**
     * Returns value with all tags removed.
     *
     * @param mixed $value
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @tag filter
     * @static
     */
    function noTags($value)
    {
        if (is_array($value)) {
            return Inspekt::_walkArray($value, 'noTags');
        } else {
            return strip_tags($value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns basename(value).
     *
     * @param mixed $value
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @tag filter
     * @static
     */
    function noPath($value)
    {
        if (is_array($value)) {
            return Inspekt::_walkArray($value, 'noPath');
        } else {
            return basename($value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns the value escaped with mysql_real_escape_string.
     *
     * @param mixed $value
     * @return string
     *
     * @tag filter
     */
    function getEscaped($value)
    {
        if (is_array($value)) {
            return Inspekt::_walkArray($value, 'getEscaped');
        } elseif (!empty($value)) {
            return mysql_real_escape_string(htmlspecialchars($value, ENT_QUOTES));
        } else {
            return $value;
        }
    }
}